Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 2, sentence 68
He lay down and lay down, suddenly the grave began opening under him, and he felt it and leaped to his feet.
Who acts: Iván, grave · What happens: lie down, lay down, begin, open, feel, leap · To what, where: grave, feet
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván, grave), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 lay | nsubj |
| 2 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | down | down | ADV | _ | 2 lay | advmod |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 lay | cc |
| 5 | lay | lay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 lay | conj |
| 6 | down | down | ADV | _ | 5 lay | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 began | punct |
| 8 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 11 began | advmod |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 grave | det |
| 10 | grave | grave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 began | nsubj |
| 11 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 lay | conj |
| 12 | opening | open | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 began | xcomp |
| 13 | under | under | ADP | _ | 14 him | case |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 opening | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 felt | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 felt | cc |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 felt | nsubj |
| 18 | felt | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 lay | parataxis |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 felt | obj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 leaped | cc |
| 21 | leaped | leap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 felt | conj |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 feet | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 feet | nmod:poss |
| 24 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 leaped | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie down | past | Iván | down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | lay down | infinitive | Iván not said here | down property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | the grave | suddenly property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | open | gerund | the grave not said here | under Iván | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under he=Location | ||||
| 5 | feel | past | Iván | grave | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 6 | leap | participle | Iván not said here | Iván's feet | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to foot=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/2/68/