Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 108
As long as the first burns, pray to God; when the second is burnt out, light the third, and then enter by the right-hand side of the Holy Gates by the altar-screen and say nothing; only mutter a prayer all the time.
Who acts: first burns · What happens: pray, burnt out, light, enter, say, mutter · To what, where: God, second, third, nothing, prayer · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first burns), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADV | _ | 2 long | advmod |
| 2 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 burns | advmod |
| 3 | as | as | ADP | _ | 6 burns | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 burns | det |
| 5 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 6 burns | amod |
| 6 | burns | burn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 pray | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 burns | punct |
| 8 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 God | case |
| 10 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 pray | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 burnt | punct |
| 12 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 16 burnt | mark |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 second | det |
| 14 | second | second | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 burnt | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 burnt | aux:pass |
| 16 | burnt | burnt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 pray | conj |
| 17 | out | out | ADP | _ | 16 burnt | compound:prt |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 light | punct |
| 19 | light | light | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 burnt | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 third | det |
| 21 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 19 light | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 enter | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 enter | cc |
| 24 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 25 enter | advmod |
| 25 | enter | enter | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 16 burnt | parataxis |
| 26 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 side | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 side | det |
| 28 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 hand | amod |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 right | punct |
| 30 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 side | compound |
| 31 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 enter | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 Gates | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 Gates | det |
| 34 | Holy | Holy | PROPN | _ | 35 Gates | compound |
| 35 | Gates | Gates | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 side | nmod |
| 36 | by | by | ADP | _ | 40 screen | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 screen | det |
| 38 | altar | altar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 screen | compound |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 altar | punct |
| 40 | screen | screen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 enter | obl |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 say | cc |
| 42 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 enter | conj |
| 43 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 42 say | obj |
| 44 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 46 mutter | punct |
| 45 | only | only | ADV | _ | 46 mutter | advmod |
| 46 | mutter | mutter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 pray | conj |
| 47 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 prayer | det |
| 48 | prayer | prayer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 mutter | obj |
| 49 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 51 time | det:predet |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 time | det |
| 51 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 mutter | obl:unmarked |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 pray | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pray | present | the first burns | God | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 2 | burnt out | present · passive | the second | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | light | infinitive | the third | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent third=Product | |||||
| 4 | enter | infinitive | then | by the hand side of the Holy Gates; by the altar screen | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | present | nothing | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent nothing=Topic | |||||
| 6 | mutter speech: assert | infinitive | the first burns not said here | a prayer | time | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prayer=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/21/108/