Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 21, sentence 31
Then the poor man went to the son whose father he had killed, and read the judgment out to him, according to which the son was to jump on him from the bridge, so as to kill him.
Who acts: poor man, son · What happens: go, kill, read out, accord, be · To what, where: father, judgment, man, bridge
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor man, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 went | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 3 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 man | amod |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 went | nsubj |
| 5 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 son | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 son | det |
| 8 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 went | obl |
| 9 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 10 father | nmod:poss |
| 10 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 killed | nsubj |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 killed | aux |
| 13 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 son | acl:relcl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 read | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 read | cc |
| 16 | read | read | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 5 went | parataxis |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 judgment | det |
| 18 | judgment | judgment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 read | obj |
| 19 | out | out | ADV | _ | 16 read | advmod |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 him | case |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 read | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 jump | punct |
| 23 | according | accord | VERB | ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 which | case |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 according | fixed |
| 25 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 jump | obl |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 son | det |
| 27 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 jump | nsubj |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 jump | cop |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 jump | mark |
| 30 | jump | jump | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 read | conj |
| 31 | on | on | ADP | _ | 32 him | case |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 jump | obl |
| 33 | from | from | ADP | _ | 35 bridge | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 bridge | det |
| 35 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 jump | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 kill | punct |
| 37 | so | so | ADV | _ | 40 kill | advmod |
| 38 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 40 kill | mark |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 kill | mark |
| 40 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 jump | advcl |
| 41 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 kill | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | the poor man | then | to the son | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to son=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | kill | past · perfect · passive | father | man nsubj:pass | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | read out | infinitive | the judgment | man | out property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent judgment=Topic to he=Recipient | |||
| 4 | accord | gerund | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | is | past | the son | the bridge | on man; which obl; jump property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | kill | to-infinitive | the son not said here | man | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/21/31/