Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 23, sentence 24
Whilst the witch was swimming through the lake Iván Tsarévich flew a vast way, and she was swifter than he, and again came near.
Who acts: witch · What happens: swim, fly, be, come · To what, where: lake, vast way
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (witch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whilst | whilst | SCONJ | _ | 5 swimming | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 witch | det |
| 3 | witch | witch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 swimming | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 swimming | aux |
| 5 | swimming | swim | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 flew | advcl |
| 6 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 lake | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 lake | det |
| 8 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 swimming | obl |
| 9 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 lake | appos |
| 10 | Tsarévich | Tsarévich | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Iván | flat |
| 11 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 way | det |
| 13 | vast | vast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 way | amod |
| 14 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 flew | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 swifter | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 swifter | cc |
| 17 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 swifter | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 swifter | cop |
| 19 | swifter | swift | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 11 flew | conj |
| 20 | than | than | ADP | _ | 21 he | case |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 swifter | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 came | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 came | cc |
| 24 | again | again | ADV | _ | 25 came | advmod |
| 25 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 flew | conj |
| 26 | near | near | ADV | _ | 25 came | advmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 flew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swim | past · progressive | the witch | the lake | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through lake=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | fly | past | a vast way | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is | past | witch | than Iván; swift property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | come | past | again | near property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/23/24/