Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 25, sentence 81
And he spoke to a pope of this, how he had profaned the Sacred Book, and had sent the priest into the dark dungeon, and had gone a long, long way.
Who acts: Tsar · What happens: speak, profane, send, go · To what, where: Sacred Book, priest, dark dungeon, long long way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 spoke | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 spoke | nsubj |
| 3 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 pope | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 pope | det |
| 6 | pope | pope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 spoke | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 this | case |
| 8 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 pope | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 profaned | punct |
| 10 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 profaned | advmod |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 profaned | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 profaned | aux |
| 13 | profaned | profane | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 pope | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Book | det |
| 15 | Sacred | Sacred | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Book | compound |
| 16 | Book | Book | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 profaned | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 sent | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 sent | cc |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 sent | aux |
| 20 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 spoke | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 priest | det |
| 22 | priest | priest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 sent | obj |
| 23 | into | into | ADP | _ | 26 dungeon | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 dungeon | det |
| 25 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 dungeon | amod |
| 26 | dungeon | dungeon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 sent | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 gone | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 gone | cc |
| 29 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 gone | aux |
| 30 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 spoke | parataxis |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 way | det |
| 32 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 way | amod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 long | punct |
| 34 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 way | amod |
| 35 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 gone | obl:unmarked |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | Tsar | to a pope of this | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to pope=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | profane | past · perfect | Tsar | the Sacred Book | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | send | past · perfect | Tsar not said here | the priest | the dark dungeon | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent priest=Theme | |||
| 4 | go | past · perfect | a long long way | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/25/81/