Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 26, sentence 72
“Here, this looks bad,” thought St. Nicholas, and instantly went to see the peasant, and said: “See to it; when you start threshing, never take more than a sheaf at a time on the threshing-floor.”
Who acts: this, Nicholas, you · What happens: look, think, go, see, say, start · To what, where: peasant, rick, sheaf, threshing floor · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, Nicholas, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 thought | punct |
| 2 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 looks | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Here | punct |
| 4 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 looks | nsubj |
| 5 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 thought | advcl |
| 6 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 looks | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 looks | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 looks | punct |
| 9 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | St. | St. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Nicholas | nmod:desc |
| 11 | Nicholas | Nicholas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 thought | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 went | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 went | cc |
| 14 | instantly | instantly | ADV | _ | 15 went | advmod |
| 15 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 thought | conj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 see | mark |
| 17 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 went | xcomp |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 peasant | det |
| 19 | peasant | peasant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 see | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 said | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 said | cc |
| 22 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 thought | conj |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 See | punct |
| 24 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 See | punct |
| 25 | See | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 said | ccomp |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 it | case |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 See | obl |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 start | punct |
| 29 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 31 start | advmod |
| 30 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 31 start | nsubj |
| 31 | start | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 See | advcl |
| 32 | threshing | thresh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 start | xcomp |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 take | punct |
| 34 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 35 take | advmod |
| 35 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 See | conj |
| 36 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 39 sheaf | advmod |
| 37 | than | than | ADP | _ | 36 more | fixed |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 sheaf | det |
| 39 | sheaf | sheaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 take | obj |
| 40 | at | at | ADP | _ | 42 time | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 time | det |
| 42 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 take | obl |
| 43 | on | on | ADP | _ | 47 floor | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 floor | det |
| 45 | threshing | threshing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 floor | compound |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 threshing | punct |
| 47 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 take | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 25 See | punct |
| 49 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 See | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look in a quote | present | this | here | bad property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | think speech: other | past | Nicholas St. | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | go | past | Nicholas St. not said here | instantly property | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | see | to-infinitive | Nicholas St. not said here | the peasant | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer peasant=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | Nicholas St. not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | see in a quote | infinitive | rick | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 7 | start in a quote | present | you | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 8 | thresh in a quote | gerund | you not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | not take in a quote | infinitive | a sheaf | the threshing floor | time | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sheaf=Theme on floor=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/26/72/