Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 27, sentence 30
Once upon a time there was an old man and his old wife, and they had three sons.
Who acts: old man, man · What happens: be, have · To what, where: three sons
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 27. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 6 was | advmod |
| 2 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 4 time | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Once | obl |
| 5 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 was | expl |
| 6 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 man | det |
| 8 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 man | amod |
| 9 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 was | nsubj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 wife | cc |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 wife | nmod:poss |
| 12 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 wife | amod |
| 13 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 man | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 had | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 had | cc |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 had | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 was | conj |
| 18 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 19 sons | nummod |
| 19 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 had | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a old man and Sprite's old wife | there | once property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | have | past | man | three sons | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/27/30/