Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 82
The merchant read the letter, and began curing his wife with a twelve-tongued whip: and she very soon recovered.
Who acts: merchant, wife · What happens: read, begin, cure, recover · To what, where: letter, wife
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (merchant, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 merchant | det |
| 2 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 read | nsubj |
| 3 | read | read | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 letter | det |
| 5 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 read | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 began | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 began | cc |
| 8 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 read | conj |
| 9 | curing | cure | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 began | xcomp |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 wife | nmod:poss |
| 11 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 curing | obj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 whip | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 whip | det |
| 14 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 tongued | nummod |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 twelve | punct |
| 16 | tongued | tongued | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 whip | amod |
| 17 | whip | whip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 curing | obl |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 recovered | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 recovered | cc |
| 20 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 recovered | nsubj |
| 21 | very | very | ADV | _ | 22 soon | advmod |
| 22 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 23 recovered | advmod |
| 23 | recovered | recover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 read | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 read | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | read | past | the merchant | the letter | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Topic | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | the merchant not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | cure | gerund | the merchant not said here | son's wife | with a tongued whip | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer wife=Source | |||
| 4 | recover | past | wife | soon property | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/82/