Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 83
The merchant’s son went out into the open field, into the wide plains, and he saw horned cattle grazing in front of him.
Who acts: son, horned cattle · What happens: go out, see, graze · To what, where: open field, horned cattle, front
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, horned cattle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 merchant | det |
| 2 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 son | nmod:poss |
| 3 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 2 merchant | case |
| 4 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 went | nsubj |
| 5 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | out | out | ADV | _ | 5 went | advmod |
| 7 | into | into | ADP | _ | 10 field | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 field | det |
| 9 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 field | amod |
| 10 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 went | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 plains | punct |
| 12 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 plains | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 plains | det |
| 14 | wide | wide | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 plains | amod |
| 15 | plains | plain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 went | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 saw | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 saw | cc |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 saw | nsubj |
| 19 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 went | conj |
| 20 | horned | horned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 cattle | amod |
| 21 | cattle | cattle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 saw | obj |
| 22 | grazing | graze | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 cattle | acl |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 front | case |
| 24 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 grazing | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 him | case |
| 26 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 front | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go out | past | the merchant's son | the open field | into the wide plains; out property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | see | past | son | horned cattle | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cattle=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | graze | gerund | horned cattle not said here | front of son | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/83/