Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 28, sentence 86
Iván the merchant’s son let his horse go free, dressed himself in the bull’s hide, put a bladder on his head, and went beyond the seas.
Who acts: Iván son, horse · What happens: let, go, dress, put · To what, where: son, hide, bladder, head, seas
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iván son, horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iván | Iván | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 son | compound |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 merchant | det |
| 3 | merchant | merchant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 son | nmod:poss |
| 4 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 3 merchant | case |
| 5 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 let | nsubj |
| 6 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 horse | nmod:poss |
| 8 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 go | nsubj |
| 9 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 let | xcomp |
| 10 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 go | xcomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 dressed | punct |
| 12 | dressed | dress | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 go | advcl |
| 13 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 12 dressed | obj |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 hide | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 bull | det |
| 16 | bull | bull | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 hide | nmod:poss |
| 17 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 16 bull | case |
| 18 | hide | hide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 dressed | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 put | punct |
| 20 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 go | conj |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 bladder | det |
| 22 | bladder | bladder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 put | obj |
| 23 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 head | case |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 head | nmod:poss |
| 25 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 put | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 went | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 went | cc |
| 28 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 let | conj |
| 29 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 31 seas | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 seas | det |
| 31 | seas | sea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 went | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 let | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let | past | the merchant's Iván son | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | go | infinitive | son's horse | free property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | dress | participle | son's horse not said here | son | the bull's hide | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient | |||
| 4 | put | infinitive | son's horse not said here | a bladder | son's head | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent bladder=Theme on head=Destination | |||
| 5 | go | past | the merchant's Iván son not said here | the seas | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme beyond sea=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/28/86/