Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 31, sentence 57
The mother and father gave him their blessing, and made him swear a mighty oath, and they enjoined a mighty service upon him.
Who acts: mother, peasant · What happens: give, make, swear, enjoin, bless · To what, where: blessing, peasant, mighty oath, mighty service
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother, peasant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 mother | det |
| 2 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 gave | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 father | cc |
| 4 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 mother | conj |
| 5 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 gave | iobj |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 blessing | nmod:poss |
| 8 | blessing | blessing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 gave | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 made | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 made | cc |
| 11 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 gave | conj |
| 12 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 made | obj |
| 13 | swear | swear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 made | xcomp |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 oath | det |
| 15 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 oath | amod |
| 16 | oath | oath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 swear | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 enjoined | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 enjoined | cc |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 enjoined | nsubj |
| 20 | enjoined | enjoin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 gave | conj |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 service | det |
| 22 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 service | amod |
| 23 | service | service | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 enjoined | obj |
| 24 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 25 him | case |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 enjoined | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | the mother and father | mother's blessing | peasant | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient blessing=Theme | |||
| 2 | make | past | the mother and father not said here | peasant | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | swear | infinitive | peasant not said here | a mighty oath | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent oath=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | enjoin | past | mother | a mighty service | upon peasant | tree rules | |||
| 5 | bless | mother | nom blessing «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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