Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 31, sentence 87
Then they cried out to their husbands, “Masters, do ye go and meet that man and slay him for the slaying of our father, lest our name be disgraced.”
Who acts: sisters, Masters, our · What happens: cry out, go, meet, slay, disgrace, name · To what, where: husbands, man, name, father · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sisters, Masters, our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 cried | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 cried | nsubj |
| 3 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 3 cried | compound:prt |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 husbands | case |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 husbands | nmod:poss |
| 7 | husbands | husband | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 cried | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Masters | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Masters | punct |
| 10 | Masters | Master | PROPN | Number=Plur | 14 go | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Masters | punct |
| 12 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 14 go | aux |
| 13 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 14 go | nsubj |
| 14 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 cried | parataxis |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 meet | cc |
| 16 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 go | conj |
| 17 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 18 man | det |
| 18 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 meet | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 slay | cc |
| 20 | slay | slay | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 14 go | conj |
| 21 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 slay | obj |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 slaying | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 slaying | det |
| 24 | slaying | slaying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 slay | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 father | case |
| 26 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 father | nmod:poss |
| 27 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 slaying | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 disgraced | punct |
| 29 | lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 33 disgraced | mark |
| 30 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 name | nmod:poss |
| 31 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 disgraced | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 disgraced | aux:pass |
| 33 | disgraced | disgrace | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 cried | conj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 cried | punct |
| 35 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cry out speech: express | past | sisters = sister | sisters's husbands | then | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Agent to husband=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | go in a quote | infinitive · do-support | Masters | ye nsubj | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | meet in a quote | infinitive | Masters not said here | that man | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Co-Agent | ||||
| 4 | slay in a quote | infinitive | Masters not said here | man | for the slaying of our father | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | |||
| 5 | disgrace in a quote | infinitive · passive | our name | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||||
| 6 | slay in a quote | our father | nom slaying «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 7 | name in a quote | our | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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