Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 33, sentence 79
They fought and fought, and the earth groaned at their blows, the forests bowed down and the rivers rose in waves.
Who acts: hunters, earth, forests, rivers · What happens: fight, groan, bow down, rise, blow · To what, where: waves
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 33. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunters, earth, forests, rivers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 fought | nsubj |
| 2 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 fought | cc |
| 4 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 fought | conj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 groaned | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 groaned | cc |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 earth | det |
| 8 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 groaned | nsubj |
| 9 | groaned | groan | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 fought | conj |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 blows | case |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 blows | nmod:poss |
| 12 | blows | blow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 groaned | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 bowed | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 forests | det |
| 15 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 bowed | nsubj |
| 16 | bowed | bow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 fought | parataxis |
| 17 | down | down | ADV | _ | 16 bowed | advmod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 rose | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 rivers | det |
| 20 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 rose | nsubj |
| 21 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 bowed | conj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 waves | case |
| 23 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 rose | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 fought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | past | hunters = hunter | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | fight | past | hunters = hunter not said here | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | groan | past | the earth | at hunters's blows | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at blow=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | bow down | past | the forests | down property | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | rise | past | the rivers | waves | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in wave=Location | ||||
| 6 | blow | hunters = hunter | nom blow «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/33/79/