Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 34, sentence 76
So he grew very angry, and the doughty youth took his cudgel, went into the palace and began knocking about the looking-glasses and mirrors, tearing up the velvet, breaking the chairs, shattering the silver.
Who acts: Cossack, doughty youth · What happens: grow, take, go, begin, knock, look · To what, where: cudgel, palace, velvet, chairs, silver
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 34. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cossack, doughty youth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 grew | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 grew | nsubj |
| 3 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | very | very | ADV | _ | 5 angry | advmod |
| 5 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 grew | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 took | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 took | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 youth | det |
| 9 | doughty | doughty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 youth | amod |
| 10 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 took | nsubj |
| 11 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 grew | conj |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 cudgel | nmod:poss |
| 13 | cudgel | cudgel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 took | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 went | punct |
| 15 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 took | conj |
| 16 | into | into | ADP | _ | 18 palace | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 palace | det |
| 18 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 went | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 began | cc |
| 20 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 went | conj |
| 21 | knocking | knock | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 began | xcomp |
| 22 | about | about | ADP | _ | 26 glasses | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 glasses | det |
| 24 | looking | look | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 glasses | amod |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 looking | punct |
| 26 | glasses | glass | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 knocking | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 mirrors | cc |
| 28 | mirrors | mirror | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 glasses | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 tearing | punct |
| 30 | tearing | tear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 knocking | conj |
| 31 | up | up | ADP | _ | 30 tearing | compound:prt |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 velvet | det |
| 33 | velvet | velvet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 tearing | obj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 breaking | punct |
| 35 | breaking | break | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 knocking | conj |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 chairs | det |
| 37 | chairs | chair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 breaking | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 shattering | punct |
| 39 | shattering | shatter | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 knocking | conj |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 silver | det |
| 41 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 shattering | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 grew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | past | Cossack | angry property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | take | past | the doughty youth | Cossack's cudgel | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cudgel=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go | past | the doughty youth not said here | the palace | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into palace=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | begin | past | the doughty youth not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | knock | gerund | the doughty youth not said here | about the looking glasses and mirrors | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about glass=Location | ||||
| 6 | look | gerund | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||||
| 7 | tear up | gerund | the doughty youth not said here | the velvet | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location velvet=Theme | ||||
| 8 | break | gerund | the doughty youth not said here | the chairs | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer chair=Patient | ||||
| 9 | shatter | gerund | the doughty youth not said here | the silver | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silver=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/34/76/