Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 36, sentence 155
Then the wise woman gnawed and gnawed at this tree, and gnawed and gnawed, broke the two front teeth, and went to the smithy.
Who acts: wise woman · What happens: gnaw, break, go · To what, where: two front teeth, smithy
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wise woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 gnawed | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 woman | det |
| 3 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 woman | amod |
| 4 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 gnawed | nsubj |
| 5 | gnawed | gnaw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 gnawed | cc |
| 7 | gnawed | gnaw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 gnawed | conj |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 tree | case |
| 9 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 tree | det |
| 10 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gnawed | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 gnawed | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 gnawed | cc |
| 13 | gnawed | gnaw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 gnawed | conj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 gnawed | cc |
| 15 | gnawed | gnaw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 gnawed | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 broke | punct |
| 17 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 gnawed | parataxis |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 teeth | det |
| 19 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 teeth | nummod |
| 20 | front | front | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 teeth | amod |
| 21 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 broke | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 went | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 went | cc |
| 24 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 broke | conj |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 smithy | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 smithy | det |
| 27 | smithy | smithy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 went | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 gnawed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gnaw | participle | the wise woman | then | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | gnaw | participle | the wise woman not said here | at this tree | vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at tree=Patient | ||||
| 3 | gnaw | participle | the wise woman not said here | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | gnaw | participle | the wise woman not said here | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | break | past | the two front teeth | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tooth=Patient | |||||
| 6 | go | past | the smithy | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to smithy=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/36/155/