Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 37, sentence 115
The old man went into the loft for some groats, and took them home, but there was a hole in the sack, and the groats were running and running out of the sack.
Who acts: old man, hole, groats · What happens: go, take, be, run · To what, where: loft, groats, sack
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, hole, groats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 man | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 man | amod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 loft | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 loft | det |
| 7 | loft | loft | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 groats | case |
| 9 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 groats | det |
| 10 | groats | groat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 went | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 took | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 took | cc |
| 13 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | parataxis |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 took | obj |
| 15 | home | home | ADV | _ | 13 took | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 was | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 was | cc |
| 18 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 19 was | expl |
| 19 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 took | parataxis |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 hole | det |
| 21 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 was | nsubj |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 sack | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 sack | det |
| 24 | sack | sack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 hole | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 running | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 running | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 groats | det |
| 28 | groats | groat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 running | nsubj |
| 29 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 running | aux |
| 30 | running | run | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 took | advcl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 running | cc |
| 32 | running | run | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 running | conj |
| 33 | out | out | ADP | _ | 36 sack | case |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 sack | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 sack | det |
| 36 | sack | sack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 running | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | the old man | the loft | for some groats | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into loft=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | take | past | groats = groat | home property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 3 | be | past | a hole in the sack | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | run | past · progressive | the groats | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | run | gerund | the groats not said here | the sack | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out sack=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/37/115/