Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 37, sentence 55
“He has served out his period faithfully and honourably: he has never once shaved himself, nor cut his hair, nor wiped his nose, nor changed his clothes.”
Who acts: elder · What happens: serve out, not shave, cut, wipe, change · To what, where: period, elder, hair, nose, clothes
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 served | punct |
| 2 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 served | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 served | aux |
| 4 | served | serve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 4 served | compound:prt |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 period | nmod:poss |
| 7 | period | period | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 served | obj |
| 8 | faithfully | faithfully | ADV | _ | 4 served | advmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 honourably | cc |
| 10 | honourably | honourably | ADV | _ | 8 faithfully | conj |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 shaved | punct |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 shaved | nsubj |
| 13 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 shaved | aux |
| 14 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 16 shaved | advmod |
| 15 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 16 shaved | advmod |
| 16 | shaved | shave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 served | conj |
| 17 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 16 shaved | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 cut | punct |
| 19 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 20 cut | cc |
| 20 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 shaved | parataxis |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 hair | nmod:poss |
| 22 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 cut | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 wiped | punct |
| 24 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 25 wiped | cc |
| 25 | wiped | wipe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 cut | conj |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 nose | nmod:poss |
| 27 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 wiped | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 changed | punct |
| 29 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 30 changed | cc |
| 30 | changed | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 cut | conj |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 clothes | nmod:poss |
| 32 | clothes | clothes | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 30 changed | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 served | punct |
| 34 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 served | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | serve out in a quote | present · perfect | elder | elder's period | faithfully property | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent period=Attribute | |||
| 2 | not shave in a quote | present · perfect | elder | elder | once property | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient | |||
| 3 | cut in a quote | past | elder's hair | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hair=Product | |||||
| 4 | wipe in a quote | past | elder's nose | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent nose=Source | |||||
| 5 | change in a quote | past | elder's clothes | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/37/55/