Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 37, sentence 74
They were approaching a village, and saw a peasant girl driving a flock of geese.
Who acts: words, peasant girl · What happens: approach, see, drive · To what, where: village, peasant girl, flock
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, peasant girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 approaching | nsubj |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 approaching | aux |
| 3 | approaching | approach | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 village | det |
| 5 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 approaching | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 saw | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 saw | cc |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 approaching | conj |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 girl | det |
| 10 | peasant | peasant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 girl | amod |
| 11 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obj |
| 12 | driving | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 girl | acl |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 flock | det |
| 14 | flock | flock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 driving | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 geese | case |
| 16 | geese | goose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 flock | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 approaching | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | approach | past · progressive | words = word | a village | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent village=Theme | ||||
| 2 | see | past | words = word not said here | a peasant girl | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer girl=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | drive | gerund | a peasant girl not said here | a flock of geese | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme flock=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/37/74/