Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 37, sentence 99
“Oh, my dear son,” said Christ, “there was a good scent there in the one house where folk-songs were being sung; but there was no reverence about the house where they were chanting hymns.”
Who acts: Christ, reverence, SONGS · What happens: say, be, sing, chant · To what, where: good scent, one house, folk songs, hymns · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Christ, reverence, SONGS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 2 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 9 said | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Oh | punct |
| 4 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 son | nmod:poss |
| 5 | dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 son | amod |
| 6 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Oh | vocative |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Oh | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Oh | punct |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | Christ | Christ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 said | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 scent | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 was | punct |
| 13 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 14 was | expl |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 scent | cop |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 scent | det |
| 16 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 scent | amod |
| 17 | scent | scent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | conj |
| 18 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 scent | advmod |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 house | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 house | det |
| 21 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 house | compound |
| 22 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 scent | nmod |
| 23 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 29 sung | advmod |
| 24 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 songs | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 folk | punct |
| 26 | songs | song | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 sung | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 sung | aux:pass |
| 28 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 sung | aux:pass |
| 29 | sung | sing | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 house | acl:relcl |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 was | punct |
| 31 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 33 was | cc |
| 32 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 33 was | expl |
| 33 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 said | conj |
| 34 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 35 reverence | det |
| 35 | reverence | reverence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 was | nsubj |
| 36 | about | about | ADP | _ | 38 house | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 house | det |
| 38 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 reverence | nmod |
| 39 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 42 chanting | advmod |
| 40 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 chanting | nsubj |
| 41 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 chanting | aux |
| 42 | chanting | chant | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 38 house | acl |
| 43 | hymns | hymn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 chanting | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 45 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Christ | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | past | Christ not said here | a good scent | the one house; there | tree rules | |||
| 3 | sing speech: express in a quote | past · passive | folk songs | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | be in a quote | past | no reverence about the house | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | chant in a quote | past · progressive | SONGS = song | hymns | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hymn=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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