Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 4, sentence 113
It was covered with cloth of purple, tacked in with tacks of tin; and on one side flowers grew, nightingales sang, and on the other side apple trees and fruits bloomed and ripened.
Who acts: one side flowers, nightingales · What happens: cover, tack in, grow, sing, bloom, ripen · To what, where: head, other apple trees
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one side flowers, nightingales), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 covered | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 covered | aux:pass |
| 3 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 cloth | case |
| 5 | cloth | cloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 covered | obl |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 purple | case |
| 7 | purple | purple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cloth | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 tacked | punct |
| 9 | tacked | tack | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 covered | conj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 tacked | compound:prt |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 tacks | case |
| 12 | tacks | tack | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 tacked | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 tin | case |
| 14 | tin | tin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 tacks | nmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 grew | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 grew | cc |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 flowers | case |
| 18 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 flowers | nummod |
| 19 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 flowers | compound |
| 20 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 grew | nsubj |
| 21 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 covered | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 sang | punct |
| 23 | nightingales | nightingale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 sang | nsubj |
| 24 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 grew | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 trees | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 trees | cc |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 32 trees | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 trees | det |
| 29 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 trees | amod |
| 30 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 apple | compound |
| 31 | apple | apple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 trees | compound |
| 32 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 grew | obl |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 fruits | cc |
| 34 | fruits | fruit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 trees | conj |
| 35 | bloomed | bloom | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 trees | acl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 ripened | cc |
| 37 | ripened | ripen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 bloomed | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 covered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | past · passive | head | with cloth of purple | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with cloth=Theme | ||||
| 2 | tack in | participle | with tacks of tin | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | grow | past | one side flowers | the other apple trees and fruits | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location | ||||
| 4 | sing speech: express | past | nightingales | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | bloom | participle | the other apple trees and fruits not said here | vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | ripen | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/4/113/