Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 5, sentence 106
Once a peasant lived with his wife, and they had three daughters: two were finely dressed and clever, but the third was a simple girl; the sisters and the father and mother as well called her the Little Fool.
Who acts: peasant, WOLF, third · What happens: live, have, dress, be, call · To what, where: three daughters, two, simple girl, girl · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (peasant, WOLF, third), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | SCONJ | _ | 3 peasant | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 peasant | det |
| 3 | peasant | peasant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lived | nsubj |
| 4 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 wife | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 wife | nmod:poss |
| 7 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lived | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 had | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 had | cc |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 had | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 lived | conj |
| 12 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 daughters | nummod |
| 13 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 had | obj |
| 14 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 18 dressed | punct |
| 15 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 dressed | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 dressed | aux:pass |
| 17 | finely | finely | ADV | _ | 18 dressed | advmod |
| 18 | dressed | dress | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 lived | advcl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 clever | cc |
| 20 | clever | clever | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 dressed | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 girl | punct |
| 22 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 girl | cc |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 third | det |
| 24 | third | third | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 girl | nsubj |
| 25 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 girl | cop |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 girl | det |
| 27 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 girl | amod |
| 28 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 dressed | obl |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 sisters | punct |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 sisters | det |
| 31 | sisters | sister | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 dressed | obl |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 father | cc |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 father | det |
| 34 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 sisters | conj |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 mother | cc |
| 36 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 father | conj |
| 37 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 39 called | cc |
| 38 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 37 as | fixed |
| 39 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 dressed | conj |
| 40 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 called | obj |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 Fool | det |
| 42 | Little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 Fool | amod |
| 43 | Fool | fool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 called | xcomp |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | a peasant | with peasant's wife | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with wife=Location | ||||
| 2 | have | past | WOLF | three daughters | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Patient | ||||
| 3 | dress | past · passive | two | the sisters and the father and mother obl; finely property | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 4 | is a | past | the third | a simple girl | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | call | participle | girl | the Little Fool xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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