Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 8, sentence 6
He had no need to ask for gold, he simply had to spit and there it was.
Who acts: boy, need · What happens: have, ask, spit, be · To what, where: need
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, need), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 4 need | det |
| 4 | need | need | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 ask | mark |
| 6 | ask | ask | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 had | xcomp |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 gold | case |
| 8 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ask | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 had | punct |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 had | nsubj |
| 11 | simply | simply | ADV | _ | 12 had | advmod |
| 12 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 spit | mark |
| 14 | spit | spit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 had | xcomp |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 was | cc |
| 16 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 18 was | expl |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 was | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 spit | conj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | boy | no need | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | to-infinitive | no need not said here | for gold | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | have | past | boy | simply property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | spit | to-infinitive | boy not said here | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | be | past | need | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/8/6/