Russian Folk-Tales, Opening, part 9, sentence 174
She told him what had happened; and they kissed, and embraced, and shed tears of joy.
Who acts: pope, daughter · What happens: tell, happen, kiss, embrace, shed · To what, where: servant, tears · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pope, daughter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | nsubj |
| 2 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | iobj |
| 4 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 6 happened | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 happened | aux |
| 6 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 told | ccomp |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 kissed | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 kissed | cc |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 kissed | nsubj |
| 10 | kissed | kiss | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 told | parataxis |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 embraced | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 embraced | cc |
| 13 | embraced | embrace | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 kissed | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 shed | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 shed | cc |
| 16 | shed | shed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 embraced | conj |
| 17 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 shed | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 joy | case |
| 19 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 tears | nmod |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | pope | servant | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | happen | past · perfect | what nsubj | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | kiss | past | daughter | vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | embrace | past | daughter not said here | vn marry-36.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | shed | past | daughter not said here | tears of joy | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tear=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Russian Folk-Tales» by A. N. Afanas'ev, Project Gutenberg book 62509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62509/9/174/