Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Almet., sentence 14
If those are not happy who possess, in proportion as those are wretched who bestow, how vain a dream is the life of man! and if there is, indeed, such difference in the value of existence, how shall we acquit of partiality the hand by which this difference has been made?”
Who acts: those, proportion, dream, we, hand · What happens: not be, possess, be, bestow, acquit, make · To what, where: proportion, life, hand, difference, existence
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Almet.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (those, proportion, dream, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 5 happy | mark |
| 2 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 5 happy | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 happy | cop |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 happy | advmod |
| 5 | happy | happy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 possess | nsubj |
| 7 | possess | possess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 happy | ccomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 proportion | punct |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 proportion | case |
| 10 | proportion | proportion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 happy | conj |
| 11 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 14 wretched | mark |
| 12 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 14 wretched | nsubj |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 wretched | cop |
| 14 | wretched | wretched | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 proportion | acl |
| 15 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 bestow | nsubj |
| 16 | bestow | bestow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 wretched | ccomp |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 life | punct |
| 18 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 vain | advmod |
| 19 | vain | vain | ADV | _ | 24 life | advmod |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 dream | det |
| 21 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 life | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 life | cop |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 life | det |
| 24 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 wretched | conj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 man | case |
| 26 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 life | nmod |
| 27 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 5 happy | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 difference | cc |
| 29 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 31 is | mark |
| 30 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 31 is | expl |
| 31 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 difference | advcl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 is | punct |
| 33 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 36 difference | advmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 difference | punct |
| 35 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 difference | amod |
| 36 | difference | difference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 happy | conj |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 value | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 value | det |
| 39 | value | value | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 difference | nmod |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 existence | case |
| 41 | existence | existence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 value | nmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 acquit | punct |
| 43 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 46 acquit | advmod |
| 44 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 46 acquit | aux |
| 45 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 46 acquit | nsubj |
| 46 | acquit | acquit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 difference | conj |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 partiality | case |
| 48 | partiality | partiality | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 acquit | obl |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 hand | det |
| 50 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 acquit | obj |
| 51 | by | by | ADP | _ | 52 which | case |
| 52 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 57 made | obl |
| 53 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 54 difference | det |
| 54 | difference | difference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 made | nsubj:pass |
| 55 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 57 made | aux |
| 56 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 57 made | aux:pass |
| 57 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 50 hand | acl:relcl |
| 58 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 happy | punct |
| 59 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 happy | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is | present | those | proportion conj; such difference in the value of existence conj; happy property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | possess | present | who nsubj | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 3 | is | present | proportion | proportion not said here | wretched property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | bestow | present | who nsubj | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | is a | present | a dream | the life | of man; vain property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | be a condition, not said to happen | present | those not said here | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | acquit | shall | we | the hand | of partiality | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer hand=Source of partiality=Theme | |||
| 8 | make | present · perfect · passive | the hand | this difference | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product | ||||
| 9 | value | existence | nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/12/14/