Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Almet., sentence 5
I regret the lapse of time, because it glides away without enjoyment; and as I expect nothing in the future but the vanities of the past, I do not wish that the future should arrive.
Who acts: I, lapse, future, time · What happens: regret, glide away, expect, not wish, arrive, lapse · To what, where: lapse, nothing, future
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Almet.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, lapse, future, time), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 regret | nsubj |
| 2 | regret | regret | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 lapse | det |
| 4 | lapse | lapse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 regret | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 time | case |
| 6 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lapse | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 glides | punct |
| 8 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 10 glides | mark |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 glides | nsubj |
| 10 | glides | glide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 regret | conj |
| 11 | away | away | ADV | _ | 10 glides | advmod |
| 12 | without | without | ADP | _ | 13 enjoyment | case |
| 13 | enjoyment | enjoyment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 glides | obl |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 wish | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 wish | cc |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 expect | mark |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 expect | nsubj |
| 18 | expect | expect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 wish | advcl |
| 19 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 18 expect | obj |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 future | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 future | det |
| 22 | future | future | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 nothing | nmod |
| 23 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 25 vanities | cc |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 vanities | det |
| 25 | vanities | vanity | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 nothing | conj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 past | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 past | det |
| 28 | past | past | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 vanities | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 expect | punct |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 33 wish | nsubj |
| 31 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 wish | aux |
| 32 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 33 wish | advmod |
| 33 | wish | wish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 regret | conj |
| 34 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 38 arrive | mark |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 future | det |
| 36 | future | future | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 arrive | nsubj |
| 37 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 arrive | aux |
| 38 | arrive | arrive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 wish | advcl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 regret | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | regret | present | I | the lapse of time | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lapse=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | glide away | present | lapse | without enjoyment; away property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | expect | present | I | nothing the vanities of the past | the future | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Theme | |||
| 4 | not wish | present · do-support | I | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 5 | arrive | should | the future | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | lapse | time | nom lapse «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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