Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Almet, Concluded., sentence 3

I looked, and beheld a valley between two mountains that were craggy and barren; on the path there was no verdure, and the mountains afforded no shade; the sun burned in the zenith, and every spring was dried up; but the valley terminated in a country that was pleasant and fertile, shaded with woods, and adorned with buildings.

Who acts: I, two mountains, verdure, mountains, valley, country · What happens: look, behold, be, afford, burn, dry up · To what, where: valley, path, shade, sun, zenith, spring

This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Almet, Concluded.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, two mountains, verdure, mountains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 looked	nsubj
2	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 beheld	punct
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 beheld	cc
5	beheld	behold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 looked	conj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 valley	det
7	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 beheld	obj
8	between	between	ADP	_	10 mountains	case
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 mountains	nummod
10	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 beheld	obl
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 craggy	nsubj
12	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 craggy	cop
13	craggy	craggy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 mountains	acl:relcl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 barren	cc
15	barren	barren	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 craggy	conj
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 was	punct
17	on	on	ADP	_	19 path	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 path	det
19	path	path	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 was	obl
20	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	21 was	expl
21	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 looked	parataxis
22	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	23 verdure	det
23	verdure	verdure	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 was	nsubj
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 afforded	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 afforded	cc
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 mountains	det
27	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 afforded	nsubj
28	afforded	afford	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 looked	conj
29	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	30 shade	det
30	shade	shade	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 afforded	obj
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	34 burned	punct
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 sun	det
33	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 burned	nsubj:pass
34	burned	burn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 looked	parataxis
35	in	in	ADP	_	37 zenith	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 zenith	det
37	zenith	zenith	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 burned	obl
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 dried	punct
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 dried	cc
40	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	41 spring	det
41	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 dried	nsubj:pass
42	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	43 dried	aux:pass
43	dried	dry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	34 burned	conj
44	up	up	ADP	_	43 dried	compound:prt
45	;	;	PUNCT	_	49 terminated	punct
46	but	but	CCONJ	_	49 terminated	cc
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 valley	det
48	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 terminated	nsubj
49	terminated	terminate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 looked	parataxis
50	in	in	ADP	_	52 country	case
51	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	52 country	det
52	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 terminated	obl
53	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	55 pleasant	nsubj
54	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	55 pleasant	cop
55	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	52 country	acl:relcl
56	and	and	CCONJ	_	57 fertile	cc
57	fertile	fertile	ADJ	Degree=Pos	55 pleasant	conj
58	,	,	PUNCT	_	59 shaded	punct
59	shaded	shade	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	55 pleasant	conj
60	with	with	ADP	_	61 woods	case
61	woods	wood	NOUN	Number=Plur	59 shaded	obl
62	,	,	PUNCT	_	64 adorned	punct
63	and	and	CCONJ	_	64 adorned	cc
64	adorned	adorn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	49 terminated	conj
65	with	with	ADP	_	66 buildings	case
66	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	64 adorned	obl
67	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 looked	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	look	past	I				vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	behold	past	I not said here	a valley		between two mountains	vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer valley=Stimulus
3	is	past	two mountains			craggy property	tree rules
4	be		two mountains not said here				tree rules
5	be	past	no verdure		the path; there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on path=Location
6	afford	past	the mountains	no shade			tree rules
7	burn	participle · passive		the sun	the zenith		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
8	dry up	past · passive		every spring			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result
9	terminate	participle	the valley		a country		vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
10	is	past	a country			pleasant property	tree rules
11	be		a country not said here				tree rules
12	shade	participle	a country not said here			with woods	vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
13	adorn	participle	the valley not said here			with buildings	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with building=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg62868/13/3/

🌲 Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Almet, Concluded., sentence 3

The tree

Pragmatics

Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Almet, Concluded., sentence 3