Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Alnaschar., sentence 11
These he piled up in a large open basket, and having made choice of a very little shop, placed the basket at his feet, and leaned his back upon the wall, in expectation of customers.
Who acts: These, having · What happens: pile up, have, make, place, learn, expect · To what, where: large open basket, made choice, basket, feet, back, expectation
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Alnaschar.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (These, having), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 3 piled | nsubj |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 piled | nsubj |
| 3 | piled | pile | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 piled | compound:prt |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 basket | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 basket | det |
| 7 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 basket | amod |
| 8 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 basket | amod |
| 9 | basket | basket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 piled | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 placed | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 placed | cc |
| 12 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 placed | csubj |
| 13 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 choice | amod |
| 14 | choice | choice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 having | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 shop | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 shop | det |
| 17 | very | very | ADV | _ | 18 little | advmod |
| 18 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 shop | amod |
| 19 | shop | shop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 choice | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 having | punct |
| 21 | placed | place | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 piled | conj |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 basket | det |
| 23 | basket | basket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 placed | obj |
| 24 | at | at | ADP | _ | 26 feet | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 feet | nmod:poss |
| 26 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 placed | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 leaned | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 leaned | cc |
| 29 | leaned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 piled | conj |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 back | nmod:poss |
| 31 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 leaned | obj |
| 32 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 34 wall | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 wall | det |
| 34 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 leaned | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 expectation | punct |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 expectation | case |
| 37 | expectation | expectation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 leaned | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 customers | case |
| 39 | customers | customer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 expectation | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 piled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pile up | past | These | a large open basket | Alnaschar nsubj | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in basket=Destination | |||
| 2 | have | gerund | made choice of a little shop | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent choice=Patient | |||||
| 3 | make | participle | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||||
| 4 | place | past | having | the basket | Alnaschar's feet | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent basket=Theme at foot=Destination | |||
| 5 | learn | past | These not said here | Alnaschar's back | expectation of customers | upon the wall | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent back=Topic | ||
| 6 | expect | customers | nom expectation «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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