Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Alnaschar., sentence 12
As he sat in this posture, with his eyes upon the basket, he fell into a most amusing train of thought, and was overheard by one of his neighbours, as he talked to himself in the following manner:
Who acts: Alnaschar · What happens: sit, fall, overhear, talk, follow · To what, where: posture, amusing train, Alnaschar, following manner
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Alnaschar.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alnaschar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 sat | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 sat | nsubj |
| 3 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 fell | advcl |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 posture | case |
| 5 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 posture | det |
| 6 | posture | posture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sat | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 eyes | punct |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 eyes | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 10 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 sat | obl |
| 11 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 13 basket | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 basket | det |
| 13 | basket | basket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 eyes | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 sat | punct |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 fell | nsubj |
| 16 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | into | into | ADP | _ | 21 train | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 train | det |
| 19 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 20 amusing | advmod |
| 20 | amusing | amusing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 train | amod |
| 21 | train | train | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fell | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 thought | case |
| 23 | thought | thought | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 train | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 overheard | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 overheard | cc |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 overheard | aux:pass |
| 27 | overheard | overhear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 fell | conj |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 29 one | case |
| 29 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 overheard | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 neighbours | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 neighbours | nmod:poss |
| 32 | neighbours | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 one | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 talked | punct |
| 34 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 36 talked | mark |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 talked | nsubj |
| 36 | talked | talk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 overheard | conj |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 38 himself | case |
| 38 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 36 talked | obl |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 manner | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 manner | det |
| 41 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 42 manner | amod |
| 42 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 talked | obl |
| 43 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sit | past | Alnaschar | this posture | with Alnaschar's eyes upon the basket | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in posture=Location | |||
| 2 | fall | past | Alnaschar | into a amusing train of thought result | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into train=Result | ||||
| 3 | overhear | past · passive | Alnaschar not said here | by one of Alnaschar's neighbours | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP» | ||||
| 4 | talk | past | Alnaschar | Alnaschar | the following manner | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to himself=Co-Agent | |||
| 5 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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