Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth, The Story of Omar., sentence 18
“Hassan,” he replied, “I can no otherwise give life or happiness than by not taking them away: thou art thyself beyond the reach of my bounty, and possessed of felicity which I can neither communicate nor obtain.—My influence over others fills my bosom with perpetual solicitude and anxiety; and yet my influence over others extends only to their vices, whether I would reward or punish.
Who acts: Hassan, influence, my · What happens: reply, give, not take away, possess, communicate, obtain · To what, where: life, happiness, felicity, bosom, vices · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, The Story of Omar.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hassan, influence, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hassan | punct |
| 2 | Hassan | Hassan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 replied | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hassan | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hassan | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 replied | nsubj |
| 6 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 give | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 give | punct |
| 9 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 can | nsubj |
| 10 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 give | aux |
| 11 | no | no | ADV | _ | 10 can | advmod |
| 12 | otherwise | otherwise | ADV | _ | 13 give | advmod |
| 13 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 replied | ccomp |
| 14 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 give | obj |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 16 happiness | cc |
| 16 | happiness | happiness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 life | conj |
| 17 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 20 taking | mark |
| 18 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 20 taking | mark |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 taking | advmod |
| 20 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 give | advcl |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 taking | obj |
| 22 | away | away | ADV | _ | 20 taking | advmod |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 art | punct |
| 24 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 25 art | nsubj |
| 25 | art | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 give | conj |
| 26 | thyself | thyself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes Style=Arch | 25 art | obj |
| 27 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 29 reach | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 reach | det |
| 29 | reach | reach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 art | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 bounty | case |
| 31 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 bounty | nmod:poss |
| 32 | bounty | bounty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 reach | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 possessed | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 possessed | cc |
| 35 | possessed | possess | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 replied | parataxis |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 felicity | case |
| 37 | felicity | felicity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 possessed | obl |
| 38 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 communicate | obj |
| 39 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 42 communicate | nsubj |
| 40 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 communicate | aux |
| 41 | neither | neither | ADV | _ | 42 communicate | advmod |
| 42 | communicate | communicate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 felicity | acl:relcl |
| 43 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 44 obtain | cc |
| 44 | obtain | obtain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 communicate | conj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 35 possessed | punct |
| 46 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 48 influence | punct |
| 47 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 influence | nmod:poss |
| 48 | influence | influence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 fills | nsubj |
| 49 | over | over | ADP | _ | 50 others | case |
| 50 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 influence | nmod |
| 51 | fills | fill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 replied | parataxis |
| 52 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 53 bosom | nmod:poss |
| 53 | bosom | bosom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 fills | obj |
| 54 | with | with | ADP | _ | 56 solicitude | case |
| 55 | perpetual | perpetual | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 solicitude | compound |
| 56 | solicitude | solicitude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 fills | obl |
| 57 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 anxiety | cc |
| 58 | anxiety | anxiety | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 solicitude | conj |
| 59 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 66 extends | punct |
| 60 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 66 extends | cc |
| 61 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 63 influence | advmod |
| 62 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 63 influence | nmod:poss |
| 63 | influence | influence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 66 extends | nsubj |
| 64 | over | over | ADP | _ | 65 others | case |
| 65 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 63 influence | nmod |
| 66 | extends | extend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 replied | parataxis |
| 67 | only | only | ADV | _ | 70 vices | advmod |
| 68 | to | to | ADP | _ | 70 vices | case |
| 69 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 70 vices | nmod:poss |
| 70 | vices | vice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 66 extends | obj |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 75 reward | punct |
| 72 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 75 reward | mark |
| 73 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 75 reward | nsubj |
| 74 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 75 reward | aux |
| 75 | reward | reward | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 66 extends | conj |
| 76 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 77 punish | cc |
| 77 | punish | punish | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 75 reward | conj |
| 78 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reply speech: assert | past | Hassan | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | give in a quote | can | life or happiness | otherwise property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not take away in a quote | gerund | happiness | away property | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 4 | possess in a quote | participle | of felicity | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 5 | communicate in a quote | can | Hassan | felicity | neither property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Topic | |||
| 6 | obtain in a quote | infinitive | Hassan not said here | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 7 | fill in a quote | present | My influence over others | my bosom | with perpetual solicitude and anxiety | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent bosom=Patient with solicitude=Instrument | |||
| 8 | extend in a quote | present | my influence over others | happiness's vices | vn body_motion-49.2-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent vice=Theme | ||||
| 9 | reward in a quote | would | Hassan | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 10 | punish in a quote | infinitive | Hassan not said here | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 11 | bosom in a quote | my | nom bosom «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Oriental tales, for the entertainment of youth» by Anonymous, Project Gutenberg book 62868 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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