The Yellow Fairy Book, The Story of Big Klaus and Little Klaus, sentence 170
But you will have to speak loud, for she is very hard of hearing.’
Who acts: you, grandmother · What happens: have, speak, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Story of Big Klaus and Little Klaus. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, grandmother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 have | cc |
| 2 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 have | nsubj |
| 3 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 have | aux |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 speak | mark |
| 6 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 have | xcomp |
| 7 | loud | loud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 speak | xcomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 hard | punct |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 hard | case |
| 10 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 hard | nsubj |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 hard | cop |
| 12 | very | very | ADV | _ | 13 hard | advmod |
| 13 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 have | advcl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 hearing | case |
| 15 | hearing | hearing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hard | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 have | punct |
| 17 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | future | you | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | to-infinitive | you not said here | loud property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | present | grandmother | of hearing; hard property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/41/170/