The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31), sentence 173

In autumn the swallows fly away to foreign lands; but there are some who are late in starting, and then they get so cold that they drop down as if dead, and the snow comes and covers them over.

Who acts: swallows, some, swallow, snow · What happens: fly away, be, start, get, drop down, come · To what, where: swallow

This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (swallows, some, swallow, snow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 autumn	case
2	autumn	autumn	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fly	obl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 swallows	det
4	swallows	swallow	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fly	nsubj
5	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	away	away	ADV	_	5 fly	advmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 lands	case
8	foreign	foreign	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 lands	amod
9	lands	land	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fly	obl
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 late	punct
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	13 are	cc
12	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	13 are	expl
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 late	cop
14	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	17 late	nsubj
15	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 late	nsubj
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 late	cop
17	late	late	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 fly	advcl
18	in	in	SCONJ	_	19 starting	mark
19	starting	start	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	17 late	advcl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 get	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 get	cc
22	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	24 get	advmod
23	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 get	nsubj
24	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fly	conj
25	so	so	ADV	_	26 cold	advmod
26	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 get	xcomp
27	that	that	SCONJ	_	29 drop	mark
28	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 drop	nsubj
29	drop	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 cold	advcl
30	down	down	ADP	_	29 drop	compound:prt
31	as	as	ADP	_	33 dead	case
32	if	if	SCONJ	_	33 dead	mark
33	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 drop	obl
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 comes	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 comes	cc
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 snow	det
37	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 comes	nsubj
38	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fly	parataxis
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	40 covers	cc
40	covers	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	38 comes	conj
41	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 covers	obj
42	over	over	ADP	_	40 covers	compound:prt
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 fly	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	fly away	present	the swallows		autumn	to foreign lands result; away property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to land=Result
2	is	present	some			late property	tree rules
3	start	gerund	some not said here				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
4	get	present	swallow		then	cold property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
5	drop down	present	swallow			as dead	vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as dead=Attribute
6	come	present	the snow				vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	cover over	present	the snow not said here	swallow			vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/47/173/