The Yellow Fairy Book, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31), sentence 96
The old toad was down under the marsh, decorating her room with rushes and yellow marigold leaves, to make it very grand for her new daughter-in-law; then she swam out with her ugly son to the leaf where Thumbelina lay.
Who acts: old toad, marsh, leaf, Thumbelina · What happens: be, decorate, make, swim out, lie · To what, where: marsh, room, toad, leaf
This is a sentence of «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Witch in the Stone Boat(31). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old toad, marsh, leaf, Thumbelina), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 toad | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 toad | amod |
| 3 | toad | toad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 marsh | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 marsh | cop |
| 5 | down | down | ADV | _ | 8 marsh | advmod |
| 6 | under | under | ADP | _ | 8 marsh | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 marsh | det |
| 8 | marsh | marsh | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 decorating | punct |
| 10 | decorating | decorate | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 marsh | acl |
| 11 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 room | nmod:poss |
| 12 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 decorating | obj |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 rushes | case |
| 14 | rushes | rush | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 decorating | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 leaves | cc |
| 16 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 leaves | amod |
| 17 | marigold | marigold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 leaves | compound |
| 18 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 rushes | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 make | punct |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 make | mark |
| 21 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 decorating | conj |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 make | obj |
| 23 | very | very | ADV | _ | 24 grand | advmod |
| 24 | grand | grand | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 make | xcomp |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 daughter | case |
| 26 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 27 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 daughter | amod |
| 28 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 grand | obl |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 law | punct |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 law | case |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 in | punct |
| 32 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 daughter | conj |
| 33 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 36 swam | punct |
| 34 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 36 swam | advmod |
| 35 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 swam | nsubj |
| 36 | swam | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 marsh | conj |
| 37 | out | out | ADV | _ | 36 swam | advmod |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 41 son | case |
| 39 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 son | nmod:poss |
| 40 | ugly | ugly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 son | amod |
| 41 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 swam | obl |
| 42 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 leaf | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 leaf | det |
| 44 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 swam | obl |
| 45 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 47 lay | advmod |
| 46 | Thumbelina | Thumbelina | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 lay | nsubj |
| 47 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 leaf | acl:relcl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 marsh | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the old toad | the marsh | down property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | decorate | gerund | the marsh not said here | leaf's room | with rushes and yellow marigold leaves | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent room=Destination with rush=Theme | |||
| 3 | make | to-infinitive | the marsh not said here | toad | grand property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | |||
| 4 | swim out | past | leaf | the leaf | then | with leaf's ugly son; out property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to leaf=Destination | ||
| 5 | lie | past | Thumbelina | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Yellow Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 640 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg640/47/96/