The Violet Fairy Book, The Finest Liar in the World, sentence 12
The beardless man finished grinding his own corn, and when he had done he said to the boy, who was beginning to grind his, ‘Suppose, sonny, we make a cake of what you have there.’
Who acts: beardless man, man, boy, we, you · What happens: finish, grind, do, say, begin, make · To what, where: own corn, boy, man, cake · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Finest Liar in the World. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beardless man, man, boy, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 man | det |
| 2 | beardless | beardless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 man | amod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 finished | nsubj |
| 4 | finished | finish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | grinding | grind | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 finished | xcomp |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 corn | nmod:poss |
| 7 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 corn | amod |
| 8 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 grinding | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 said | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 said | cc |
| 11 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 done | advmod |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 done | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 done | aux |
| 14 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 said | advcl |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 said | nsubj |
| 16 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 finished | parataxis |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 boy | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 boy | det |
| 19 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 said | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 beginning | punct |
| 21 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 beginning | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 beginning | aux |
| 23 | beginning | begin | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 boy | acl:relcl |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 grind | mark |
| 25 | grind | grind | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 beginning | xcomp |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 grind | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Suppose | punct |
| 28 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 Suppose | punct |
| 29 | Suppose | suppose | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 16 said | ccomp |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 sonny | punct |
| 31 | sonny | sonny | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 Suppose | appos |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 make | punct |
| 33 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 make | nsubj |
| 34 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 finished | parataxis |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 cake | det |
| 36 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 make | obj |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 what | case |
| 38 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 cake | nmod |
| 39 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 40 have | nsubj |
| 40 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 what | acl:relcl |
| 41 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 40 have | advmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 finished | punct |
| 43 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 finished | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | finish | past | the beardless man | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | grind | gerund | the beardless man not said here | man's own corn | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent corn=Patient | ||||
| 3 | do | past · perfect | man | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | man | the boy | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to boy=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | begin | past · progressive | the boy | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | grind | to-infinitive | the boy not said here | man | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent his=Patient | ||||
| 7 | make | present | we | a cake | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Product | ||||
| 8 | have | present | you | there | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/3/12/