The Violet Fairy Book, The Headless Dwarfs, sentence 17
One of them looked up and asked, ‘My friend, what are you doing here?’ and Hans gazed at him for a moment, then laughed and answered, ‘Well, if anybody has a right to put that question, it is I!
Who acts: One, you, Hans, anybody, question · What happens: look up, ask, do, gaze, laugh, answer · To what, where: friend, right, question, I
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Headless Dwarfs. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One, you, Hans, anybody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 looked | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 3 them | case |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 One | nmod |
| 4 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | up | up | ADP | _ | 4 looked | compound:prt |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 asked | cc |
| 7 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 looked | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 friend | punct |
| 9 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 friend | punct |
| 10 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 friend | nmod:poss |
| 11 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 asked | ccomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 doing | punct |
| 13 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 16 doing | obj |
| 14 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 doing | aux |
| 15 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 16 doing | nsubj |
| 16 | doing | do | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 friend | parataxis |
| 17 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 doing | advmod |
| 18 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 16 doing | punct |
| 19 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 friend | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 gazed | cc |
| 21 | Hans | Hans | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 gazed | nsubj |
| 22 | gazed | gaze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 looked | conj |
| 23 | at | at | ADP | _ | 24 him | case |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 gazed | obl |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 moment | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 moment | det |
| 27 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 gazed | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 laughed | punct |
| 29 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 30 laughed | advmod |
| 30 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 looked | parataxis |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 answered | cc |
| 32 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 laughed | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 I | punct |
| 34 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 49 I | punct |
| 35 | Well | well | INTJ | _ | 49 I | discourse |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Well | punct |
| 37 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 39 has | mark |
| 38 | anybody | anybody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 39 has | nsubj |
| 39 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 49 I | advcl |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 right | det |
| 41 | right | right | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 has | obj |
| 42 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 put | mark |
| 43 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 right | acl |
| 44 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 45 question | det |
| 45 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 put | obj |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 has | punct |
| 47 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 I | nsubj |
| 48 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 49 I | cop |
| 49 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 answered | conj |
| 50 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look up | past | One of players | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | One of players not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | do | present · progressive | you | My friend | here | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | |||
| 4 | gaze | past | Hans | moment | at friend | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at he=Theme | |||
| 5 | laugh | past | then | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | answer speech: assert | past | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 7 | have a condition, not said to happen | present | anybody | a right | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Patient | ||||
| 8 | put | to-infinitive | anybody not said here | that question | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent question=Goal | ||||
| 9 | is a | present | question | I | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/33/17/