The Violet Fairy Book, The Young Man Who Would Have His Eyes Opened, sentence 17
He crouched behind a bush for some time, till he felt that midnight could not be far off, when suddenly there arose in the middle of the moor a brilliant glow, as if a star was shining over one of the hillocks.
Who acts: king, star · What happens: crouch, feel, not be, arise, shine · To what, where: bush, brilliant glow, middle
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Young Man Who Would Have His Eyes Opened. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, star), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 crouched | nsubj |
| 2 | crouched | crouch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 5 bush | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 bush | det |
| 5 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 crouched | obl |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 time | case |
| 7 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 time | det |
| 8 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 crouched | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 felt | punct |
| 10 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 12 felt | mark |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 felt | nsubj |
| 12 | felt | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 crouched | parataxis |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 off | mark |
| 14 | midnight | midnight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 off | compound |
| 15 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 off | aux |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 off | advmod |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 off | cop |
| 18 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 19 off | advmod |
| 19 | off | off | ADV | _ | 12 felt | advcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 arose | punct |
| 21 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 arose | advmod |
| 22 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 23 there | advmod |
| 23 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 arose | advmod |
| 24 | arose | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 felt | conj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 middle | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 middle | det |
| 27 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 arose | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 moor | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 moor | det |
| 30 | moor | moor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 middle | nmod |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 glow | det |
| 32 | brilliant | brilliant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 glow | amod |
| 33 | glow | glow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 arose | obj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 shining | punct |
| 35 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 40 shining | mark |
| 36 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 40 shining | mark |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 star | det |
| 38 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 shining | nsubj |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 shining | aux |
| 40 | shining | shine | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 arose | advcl |
| 41 | over | over | ADP | _ | 42 one | case |
| 42 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 40 shining | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 hillocks | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 hillocks | det |
| 45 | hillocks | hillock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 one | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 crouched | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | crouch | past | king | a bush | time | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind bush=Location | |||
| 2 | feel | past | king | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | not is | could | king not said here | far, off property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | arise | past | king not said here | a brilliant glow | the middle of the moor; there | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location glow=Theme | |||
| 5 | shine | past · progressive | a star | over one of the hillocks | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over one=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/34/17/