The Violet Fairy Book, The Frog, sentence 10
Suddenly there was a noise close beside him, and a frog jumped out of the water on to the bank and asked him why he was crying.
Who acts: frog · What happens: be, ask, cry · To what, where: water, frog
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Frog. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (frog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 3 was | advmod |
| 2 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 was | expl |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 jumped | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 noise | det |
| 5 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 was | nsubj |
| 6 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 noise | amod |
| 7 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 8 him | case |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 close | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 jumped | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 jumped | cc |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 frog | det |
| 12 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 jumped | nsubj |
| 13 | jumped | jump | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | out | out | ADP | _ | 17 water | case |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 water | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 water | det |
| 17 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 jumped | obl |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 jumped | compound:prt |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 bank | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 bank | det |
| 21 | bank | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 jumped | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 asked | cc |
| 23 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 jumped | conj |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 asked | iobj |
| 25 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 crying | advmod |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 crying | nsubj |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 crying | aux |
| 28 | crying | cry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 asked | advcl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 jumped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | a frog | the water | to the bank; jump property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | a frog not said here | frog | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | cry speech: express | past · progressive | frog | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/36/10/