The Violet Fairy Book, The Girl Who Pretended to Be a Boy, part 2, sentence 98
Without saying a word, the princess swung her into Sunlight’s saddle, and leaping up behind her, they were off like a flash.
Who acts: words, princess · What happens: say, swing, leap up, be · To what, where: word, Iliane, saddle · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Girl Who Pretended to Be a Boy, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, princess), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Without | without | SCONJ | _ | 2 saying | mark |
| 2 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 flash | advcl |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 word | det |
| 4 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 saying | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 swung | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 princess | det |
| 7 | princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swung | nsubj |
| 8 | swung | swing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 word | acl:relcl |
| 9 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 swung | obj |
| 10 | into | into | ADP | _ | 13 saddle | case |
| 11 | Sunlight | Sunlight | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 saddle | nmod:poss |
| 12 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 11 Sunlight | case |
| 13 | saddle | saddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swung | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 leaping | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 leaping | cc |
| 16 | leaping | leap | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 saying | conj |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 leaping | compound:prt |
| 18 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 19 her | case |
| 19 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 leaping | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 saying | punct |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 flash | nsubj |
| 22 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 flash | cop |
| 23 | off | off | ADP | _ | 22 were | compound:prt |
| 24 | like | like | ADP | _ | 26 flash | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 flash | det |
| 26 | flash | flash | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 flash | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | gerund | words = word not said here | a word | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic | ||||
| 2 | swing | past | the princess | Iliane | Sunlight's saddle | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent she=Theme into saddle=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | leap up | gerund | words = word not said here | behind Iliane | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind she=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | is | past | words = word | like a flash | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/39/98/