The Violet Fairy Book, The Grateful Prince, part 1, sentence 70
It sounded as if a troop of horses were ploughing their way over a moor.
Who acts: It, troop · What happens: sound, plough · To what, where: way, moor
This is a sentence of «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Grateful Prince, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (It, troop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 sounded | nsubj |
| 2 | sounded | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 10 ploughing | mark |
| 4 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 10 ploughing | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 troop | det |
| 6 | troop | troop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ploughing | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 horses | case |
| 8 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 troop | nmod |
| 9 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 ploughing | aux |
| 10 | ploughing | plough | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 sounded | advcl |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 way | nmod:poss |
| 12 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ploughing | obj |
| 13 | over | over | ADP | _ | 15 moor | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 moor | det |
| 15 | moor | moor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ploughing | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 sounded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound | past | It | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | plough | past · progressive | a troop of horses | horses's way | a moor | vn wipe_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent way=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Violet Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 641 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg641/9/70/