The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 1, sentence 110
In one of these trees there lived a Nightingale which sang so beautifully that a poor fisherman, who had a great deal to do, even stopped his work to listen to the bird singing.
Who acts: trees, Nightingale, poor fisherman, bird · What happens: live, sing, have, do, stop, listen · To what, where: great deal, work
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trees, Nightingale, poor fisherman, bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 one | case |
| 2 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 lived | obl |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 trees | case |
| 4 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 5 trees | det |
| 5 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 lived | nsubj |
| 6 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 trees | advmod |
| 7 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 Nightingale | det |
| 9 | Nightingale | Nightingale | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 sang | nsubj |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 sang | nsubj |
| 11 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 lived | conj |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 13 beautifully | advmod |
| 13 | beautifully | beautifully | ADV | _ | 11 sang | advmod |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 fisherman | mark |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 fisherman | det |
| 16 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 fisherman | amod |
| 17 | fisherman | fisherman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sang | advcl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 had | punct |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 had | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 fisherman | acl:relcl |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 deal | det |
| 22 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 deal | amod |
| 23 | deal | deal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 had | obj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 do | mark |
| 25 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 deal | acl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 stopped | punct |
| 27 | even | even | ADV | _ | 28 stopped | advmod |
| 28 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 had | conj |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 work | nmod:poss |
| 30 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 stopped | obj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 listen | mark |
| 32 | listen | listen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 stopped | xcomp |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 bird | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 bird | det |
| 35 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 listen | obl |
| 36 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 35 bird | acl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | this trees | in one | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in one=Location | ||||
| 2 | sing speech: express | past | a Nightingale | which nsubj; a poor fisherman advcl; beautifully property | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | ||||
| 3 | have | past | a poor fisherman | a great deal | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deal=Patient | ||||
| 4 | do | to-infinitive | a poor fisherman not said here | a great deal not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | stop | past | a poor fisherman not said here | Nightingale's work | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | listen | to-infinitive | a poor fisherman not said here | to the bird | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to bird=Theme | ||||
| 7 | sing speech: express | gerund | the bird not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | work | Nightingale | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/1/110/