The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 10, sentence 29
The Caliph stood still and distinctly heard a low weeping sound, which seemed to proceed from a human being rather than from any animal.
Who acts: Caliph, low weeping sound · What happens: stand, hear, seem, proceed, be · To what, where: low weeping sound
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caliph, low weeping sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Caliph | det |
| 2 | Caliph | Caliph | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 stood | nsubj |
| 3 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | still | still | ADV | _ | 3 stood | advmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 heard | cc |
| 6 | distinctly | distinctly | ADV | _ | 7 heard | advmod |
| 7 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stood | conj |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 sound | det |
| 9 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 sound | amod |
| 10 | weeping | weeping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sound | compound |
| 11 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 heard | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 seemed | punct |
| 13 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 seemed | nsubj |
| 14 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 sound | acl:relcl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 proceed | mark |
| 16 | proceed | proceed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 seemed | xcomp |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 25 animal | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 animal | det |
| 19 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 animal | amod |
| 20 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 animal | cop |
| 21 | rather | rather | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 25 animal | cc |
| 22 | than | than | ADP | _ | 21 rather | fixed |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 25 animal | case |
| 24 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 25 animal | det |
| 25 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 proceed | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | the Caliph | still | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | the Caliph not said here | a low weeping sound | distinctly property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | seem | past | a low weeping sound | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | proceed | to-infinitive | a low weeping sound not said here | vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | gerund | from a human animal | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/10/29/