The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 10, sentence 30
Full of curiosity, he was about to rush toward the spot from which the sounds of woe came, when the Vizier caught him by the wing with his bill, and implored him not to expose himself to fresh and unknown dangers.
Who acts: Caliph, sounds, Vizier · What happens: be, rush, come, catch, implore, not expose · To what, where: spot, Caliph, fresh dangers
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caliph, sounds, Vizier), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 3 curiosity | case |
| 3 | curiosity | curiosity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Full | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 about | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 about | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 about | cop |
| 7 | about | about | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Full | conj |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 rush | mark |
| 9 | rush | rush | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 about | xcomp |
| 10 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 12 spot | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 spot | det |
| 12 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 rush | obl |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 which | case |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 came | obl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 sounds | det |
| 16 | sounds | sound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 came | nsubj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 woe | case |
| 18 | woe | woe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sounds | nmod |
| 19 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 spot | acl:relcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 caught | punct |
| 21 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 24 caught | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 Vizier | det |
| 23 | Vizier | Vizier | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 caught | nsubj |
| 24 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 about | parataxis |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 caught | obj |
| 26 | by | by | ADP | _ | 28 wing | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 wing | det |
| 28 | wing | wing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 caught | obl |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 bill | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 bill | nmod:poss |
| 31 | bill | bill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 wing | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 implored | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 implored | cc |
| 34 | implored | implore | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 caught | conj |
| 35 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 implored | obj |
| 36 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 expose | advmod |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 expose | mark |
| 38 | expose | expose | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 implored | xcomp |
| 39 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 38 expose | obj |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 dangers | case |
| 41 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 dangers | amod |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 unknown | cc |
| 43 | unknown | unknown | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 fresh | conj |
| 44 | dangers | danger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 expose | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Full | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Caliph | about property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | rush | to-infinitive | Caliph not said here | the spot | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme toward spot=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | come | past | the sounds of woe | the spot | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from which=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | catch | past | the Vizier | Caliph | by the wing with Caliph's bill | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 5 | implore | past | the Vizier not said here | Caliph | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 6 | not expose | to-infinitive | the Vizier not said here | Caliph | fresh dangers | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent himself=Theme to danger=Recipient | |||
| 8 | bill | Caliph | nom bill «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/10/30/