The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 12, sentence 34
At the very foot of these rocks he perceived an arrow, which, to his great astonishment, he found to be the same he had shot.
Who acts: Prince · What happens: perceive, find, be, shoot, astonish · To what, where: arrow, foot, Prince · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 4 foot | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 foot | det |
| 3 | very | very | ADV | _ | 4 foot | advmod |
| 4 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 perceived | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 rocks | case |
| 6 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 7 rocks | det |
| 7 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 foot | nmod |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 perceived | nsubj |
| 9 | perceived | perceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 arrow | det |
| 11 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 perceived | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 astonishment | punct |
| 13 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 astonishment | nsubj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 astonishment | punct |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 astonishment | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 astonishment | nmod:poss |
| 17 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 astonishment | amod |
| 18 | astonishment | astonishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 arrow | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 found | punct |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 found | nsubj |
| 21 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 perceived | conj |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 same | mark |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 same | cop |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 same | det |
| 25 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 found | xcomp |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 shot | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 shot | aux |
| 28 | shot | shoot | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 found | ccomp |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 perceived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | perceive | past | Prince | a arrow and Prince's great astonishment a arrow and Prince's great astonishment a arrow | the foot of this rocks | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer arrow=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | find | past | Prince | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is | to-infinitive | Prince not said here | same property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | shoot | past · perfect · passive | Prince | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 5 | astonish | Prince | nom astonishment «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/12/34/