The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 14, sentence 18
After much pressing, Ahmed confessed that the sultan had discovered his abode and his marriage with the fairy, though he could not tell by what means.
Who acts: Ahmed · What happens: press, confess, discover, not tell, mean, marry · To what, where: sultan · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ahmed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | SCONJ | _ | 3 pressing | mark |
| 2 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 pressing | amod |
| 3 | pressing | press | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 confessed | advcl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 pressing | punct |
| 5 | Ahmed | Ahmed | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 confessed | nsubj |
| 6 | confessed | confess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 discovered | mark |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sultan | det |
| 9 | sultan | sultan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 discovered | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 discovered | aux |
| 11 | discovered | discover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 confessed | ccomp |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 abode | nmod:poss |
| 13 | abode | abode | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 discovered | obj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 marriage | cc |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 marriage | nmod:poss |
| 16 | marriage | marriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 abode | conj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 fairy | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 fairy | det |
| 19 | fairy | fairy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 marriage | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tell | punct |
| 21 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 25 tell | mark |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 tell | nsubj |
| 23 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 tell | aux |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 tell | advmod |
| 25 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 discovered | parataxis |
| 26 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 28 means | mark |
| 27 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 28 means | nsubj |
| 28 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 tell | ccomp |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 confessed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | press | gerund | Ahmed not said here | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | confess | past | Ahmed | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | discover | past · perfect · passive | the sultan | Ahmed's abode and Ahmed's marriage with the fairy obj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not tell speech: assert | could | Ahmed | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | mean | present | what nsubj | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | marry | Ahmed | with the fairy | nom marriage «state transitive»: poss=agent with=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/14/18/