The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 14, sentence 74
But as he went forwards, he saw one of them turn out of the road to pass by him, and it showed by its actions that it did not come to do him any harm, but only to go before him.
Who acts: prince, one, it, road · What happens: go, see, turn out, pass, show, not come · To what, where: road, prince · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, one, it, road), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 saw | cc |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 went | mark |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 saw | advcl |
| 5 | forwards | forwards | ADV | _ | 4 went | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 saw | nsubj |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 turn | nsubj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 them | case |
| 11 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 one | nmod |
| 12 | turn | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 saw | ccomp |
| 13 | out | out | ADP | _ | 16 road | case |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 road | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 road | det |
| 16 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 turn | obl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 pass | mark |
| 18 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 turn | advcl |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 him | case |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 pass | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 showed | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 showed | cc |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 showed | nsubj |
| 24 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 saw | conj |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 actions | case |
| 26 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 actions | nmod:poss |
| 27 | actions | action | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 showed | obl |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 come | mark |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 come | nsubj |
| 30 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 come | aux |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 come | advmod |
| 32 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 showed | advcl |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 do | mark |
| 34 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 come | xcomp |
| 35 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 do | obj |
| 36 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 37 harm | det |
| 37 | harm | harm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 do | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 go | punct |
| 39 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 42 go | cc |
| 40 | only | only | ADV | _ | 42 go | advmod |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 go | mark |
| 42 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 saw | conj |
| 43 | before | before | ADP | _ | 44 him | case |
| 44 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 go | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | prince | forwards property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | see | past | prince | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | turn out | present | one of lions | the road | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location road=Theme | ||||
| 4 | pass | to-infinitive | one of lions not said here | by prince | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by he=Location | ||||
| 5 | show | past | it | by road's actions | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | not come | past · do-support | road | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | do | to-infinitive | road not said here | prince | any harm obj | tree rules | |||
| 8 | go | to-infinitive | prince not said here | before prince | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme before he=Location | ||||
| 9 | act | road | nom action «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/14/74/