The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 15, sentence 56
Suddenly looking up, he saw before him seven men, each armed with a spear, a shield, and a sword.
Who acts: boy · What happens: look up, see · To what, where: seven men
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 2 looking | advmod |
| 2 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 saw | advcl |
| 3 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 looking | compound:prt |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 looking | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 saw | nsubj |
| 6 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | before | before | ADP | _ | 8 him | case |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 saw | obl |
| 9 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 men | nummod |
| 10 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 saw | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 armed | punct |
| 12 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 13 armed | det |
| 13 | armed | armed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 men | amod |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 spear | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 spear | det |
| 16 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 armed | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 shield | punct |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 shield | det |
| 19 | shield | shield | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 spear | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 sword | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 sword | cc |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 sword | det |
| 23 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 saw | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look up | gerund | boy not said here | suddenly property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | see | past | boy | seven men | before master | a sword conj | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/15/56/