The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 50
He told them that when his carriage had stopped at the oasis some force had compelled him to spring from it, and he found himself transformed at once into a bird.
Who acts: joy, carriage · What happens: tell, stop, compel, find, transform · To what, where: mother, oasis, force, joy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (joy, carriage), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | nsubj |
| 2 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | iobj |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 stopped | mark |
| 5 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 stopped | advmod |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 carriage | nmod:poss |
| 7 | carriage | carriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 stopped | nsubj |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 stopped | aux |
| 9 | stopped | stop | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 compelled | advcl |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 oasis | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 oasis | det |
| 12 | oasis | oasis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 stopped | obl |
| 13 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 force | det |
| 14 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 compelled | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 compelled | aux |
| 16 | compelled | compel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 told | ccomp |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 compelled | obj |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 spring | case |
| 19 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 compelled | obl |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 it | case |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 spring | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 found | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 found | cc |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 found | nsubj |
| 25 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 told | conj |
| 26 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 25 found | obj |
| 27 | transformed | transform | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 found | xcomp |
| 28 | at | at | ADP | _ | 29 once | case |
| 29 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 27 transformed | obl |
| 30 | into | into | ADP | _ | 32 bird | case |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 bird | det |
| 32 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 transformed | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | joy | mother | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | stop | past · perfect | joy's carriage | the oasis | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at oasis=Location | ||||
| 3 | compel | past · perfect · passive | some force | spring | joy obj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | find | past | joy | joy | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent himself=Attribute clause=Theme | ||||
| 5 | transform | participle | joy not said here | into a bird result | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into bird=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/50/