The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 58
The two ladies and Prince Varna were in earnest conversation when the Rajah reached their house, and great was his astonishment to find that this was really his long lost brother, whom he immediately recognized.
Who acts: two ladies, Rajah, this · What happens: be, reach, find, lose, recognize · To what, where: earnest conversation, house, great astonishment, long lost brother · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two ladies, Rajah, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 ladies | det |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 ladies | nummod |
| 3 | ladies | lady | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 conversation | nsubj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 Varna | cc |
| 5 | Prince | Prince | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Varna | nmod:desc |
| 6 | Varna | Varna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 ladies | conj |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 conversation | cop |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 conversation | case |
| 9 | earnest | earn | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 10 conversation | amod |
| 10 | conversation | conversation | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 14 reached | mark |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Rajah | det |
| 13 | Rajah | Rajah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 reached | nsubj |
| 14 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 conversation | advcl |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 house | nmod:poss |
| 16 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 reached | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 great | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 great | cc |
| 19 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 astonishment | amod |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 astonishment | cop |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 astonishment | nmod:poss |
| 22 | astonishment | astonishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 conversation | conj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 find | mark |
| 24 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 astonishment | acl |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 brother | mark |
| 26 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 32 brother | nsubj |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 brother | cop |
| 28 | really | really | ADV | _ | 32 brother | advmod |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 brother | nmod:poss |
| 30 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 brother | amod |
| 31 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 brother | amod |
| 32 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 find | ccomp |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 whom | punct |
| 34 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 brother | nmod |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 recognized | nsubj |
| 36 | immediately | immediately | ADV | _ | 37 recognized | advmod |
| 37 | recognized | recognize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 whom | acl:relcl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 conversation | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the two ladies and Varna Prince | earnest conversation and Rajah's great astonishment | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | reach | past | the Rajah | ladies's house | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent house=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | the two ladies and Varna Prince not said here | Rajah's great astonishment | Rajah nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 4 | find | to-infinitive | the two ladies and Varna Prince not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | lose | participle | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | is a | past | this | Rajah's long lost brother | Rajah nmod:poss; whom nmod | tree rules | |||
| 7 | recognize | past | Rajah | immediately property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/58/