The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 6
When he became old enough to need the guidance of a tutor and guardian, this lady’s husband took her place, and they both loved him as though he were their own son.
Who acts: infant, husband, ladies · What happens: become, need, take, love, be, guide · To what, where: guidance, place, infant, own son, tutor
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (infant, husband, ladies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 became | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 became | nsubj |
| 3 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 took | advcl |
| 4 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 became | xcomp |
| 5 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 4 old | advmod |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 need | mark |
| 7 | need | need | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 old | advcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 guidance | det |
| 9 | guidance | guidance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 need | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 tutor | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 tutor | det |
| 12 | tutor | tutor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 guidance | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 guardian | cc |
| 14 | guardian | guardian | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 tutor | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 became | punct |
| 16 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 lady | det |
| 17 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 husband | nmod:poss |
| 18 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 17 lady | case |
| 19 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 took | nsubj |
| 20 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 place | nmod:poss |
| 22 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 took | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 loved | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 loved | cc |
| 25 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 loved | nsubj |
| 26 | both | both | ADV | _ | 27 loved | advmod |
| 27 | loved | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 took | conj |
| 28 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 loved | obj |
| 29 | as | as | ADV | _ | 27 loved | advmod |
| 30 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 35 son | mark |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 son | nsubj |
| 32 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 son | cop |
| 33 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 son | nmod:poss |
| 34 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 son | amod |
| 35 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 loved | advcl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | infant | old property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | need | to-infinitive | infant not said here | the guidance of a tutor and guardian | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot guidance=Theme | ||||
| 3 | take | past | this lady's husband | Zaïda's place | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme | ||||
| 4 | love | past | ladies = lady | infant | both property | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | is a | past | infant | ladies's own son | ladies = lady nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 6 | guide | a tutor and guardian | nom guidance «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/6/