The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 19, sentence 68
This story tells how the heavens and one of the pillars which upheld the sky were damaged during a rebellion raised by one of her subjects, and how she mended the broken parts.
Who acts: story, pillars · What happens: tell, uphold, damage, raise, mend, break · To what, where: sky, heavens, rebellion, broken parts · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, pillars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 story | det |
| 2 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tells | nsubj |
| 3 | tells | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 damaged | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 heavens | det |
| 6 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 damaged | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 one | cc |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 heavens | nmod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 pillars | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 pillars | det |
| 11 | pillars | pillar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 one | nmod |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 upheld | nsubj |
| 13 | upheld | uphold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 pillars | acl:relcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 sky | det |
| 15 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 upheld | obj |
| 16 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 damaged | aux:pass |
| 17 | damaged | damage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 tells | ccomp |
| 18 | during | during | ADP | _ | 20 rebellion | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 rebellion | det |
| 20 | rebellion | rebellion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 damaged | obl |
| 21 | raised | raise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 rebellion | acl |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 one | case |
| 23 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 raised | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 subjects | case |
| 25 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 subjects | nmod:poss |
| 26 | subjects | subject | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 one | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 mended | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 mended | cc |
| 29 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 31 mended | advmod |
| 30 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 mended | nsubj |
| 31 | mended | mend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 tells | conj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 parts | det |
| 33 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 parts | amod |
| 34 | parts | part | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 mended | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 tells | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | present | this story | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | uphold | past | the pillars | the sky | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | damage | past · passive | the heavens one of the pillars | during a rebellion | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 4 | raise | participle | a rebellion not said here | by one of story's subjects | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by one=Destination | ||||
| 5 | mend | past | story | the broken parts | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | break | participle | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/19/68/