The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 20, sentence 35
She called another meeting of the wise men, and they decided that neither the sun nor the moon could travel because the roads by which they made their daily and nightly journeys had been damaged by the accident to the pillar, and it was now necessary to inform them that repairs had been made, and they could safely venture forth again.
Who acts: moon, pillars, sun, accident, repairs · What happens: call, decide, travel, make, damage, be · To what, where: meeting, daily journeys, roads, pillars, repairs · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (moon, pillars, sun, accident), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 called | nsubj |
| 2 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 meeting | det |
| 4 | meeting | meeting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 called | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 men | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 men | det |
| 7 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 men | amod |
| 8 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 meeting | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 decided | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 decided | cc |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 decided | nsubj |
| 12 | decided | decide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 called | conj |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 travel | mark |
| 14 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 16 sun | cc:preconj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 sun | det |
| 16 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 travel | nsubj |
| 17 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 19 moon | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 moon | det |
| 19 | moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 sun | conj |
| 20 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 travel | aux |
| 21 | travel | travel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 decided | ccomp |
| 22 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 36 damaged | mark |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 roads | det |
| 24 | roads | road | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 damaged | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 26 which | case |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 made | obl |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 made | nsubj |
| 28 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 roads | acl:relcl |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 journeys | nmod:poss |
| 30 | daily | daily | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 journeys | amod |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 nightly | cc |
| 32 | nightly | nightly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 daily | conj |
| 33 | journeys | journey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 made | obj |
| 34 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 damaged | aux |
| 35 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 36 damaged | aux:pass |
| 36 | damaged | damage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 travel | advcl |
| 37 | by | by | ADP | _ | 39 accident | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 accident | det |
| 39 | accident | accident | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 damaged | obl |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 pillar | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 pillar | det |
| 42 | pillar | pillar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 accident | nmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 necessary | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 necessary | cc |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 necessary | expl |
| 46 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 necessary | cop |
| 47 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 48 necessary | advmod |
| 48 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 damaged | conj |
| 49 | to | to | PART | _ | 50 inform | mark |
| 50 | inform | inform | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 48 necessary | csubj |
| 51 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 inform | obj |
| 52 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 56 made | mark |
| 53 | repairs | repair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 made | nsubj:pass |
| 54 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 56 made | aux |
| 55 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 56 made | aux:pass |
| 56 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 50 inform | advcl |
| 57 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 venture | punct |
| 58 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 62 venture | cc |
| 59 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 62 venture | nsubj |
| 60 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 62 venture | aux |
| 61 | safely | safely | ADV | _ | 62 venture | advmod |
| 62 | venture | venture | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 called | advcl |
| 63 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 62 venture | advmod |
| 64 | again | again | ADV | _ | 62 venture | advmod |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | moon | another meeting of the wise men | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent meeting=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | decide | past | pillars = pillar | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | travel | could | the sun nor the moon | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | make | past | pillars = pillar | pillars's daily journeys | by the roads | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset journey=Product | |||
| 5 | damage | past · perfect · passive | the accident to the pillar | the roads | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | ||||
| 6 | is | past | the accident to the pillar not said here | now | necessary property | tree rules | |||
| 7 | inform speech: other | to-infinitive | pillars = pillar | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | |||||
| 8 | make | past · perfect · passive | repairs | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | |||||
| 9 | venture | could | repairs = repair | again | forth, safely property | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | |||
| 10 | journey | pillars = pillar | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/20/35/